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Astor House
The Astor House was the first luxury hotel in New York City. Located on the corner of Broadway and Vesey Street in Lower Manhattan, it opened in 1836 and soon became the best known hotel in America.
==History and description==
The Astor House was built by John Jacob Astor, who assembled the lots around his former house until he had purchased the full block in the heart of the city's most fashionable residential district. Construction began in 1834,〔Stone, May N. "Astor House" in , p.73〕 and the hotel opened in June 1836 as the Park Hotel. It was located on the west side of Broadway between Vesey and Barclay Streets, across from New York City Hall Park and diagonally across from the offices of the ''New York Herald''. The building was designed by Isaiah Rogers, who in 1829 had designed the first luxury hotel in the United States, the Tremont House, in Boston. The large four-square block〔" The simple, square, unornamented architecture of the Astor House, makes to my notion, the best appearance of any building in New York, observed Walt Whitman (Whitman, ''Whitman in 1850: Three Uncollected Articles'' R.G. Silver, ed, (1951).〕 was detailed in the Greek Revival style, faced with pale granite ashlar with quoined corners treated as at Tremont House, as embedded Doric pillars, and a central entrance flanked by Greek Doric columns supporting a short length of entablature.〔("The Astor House in 1900" ); ("Bootblacks before the entrance of Astor House, 1896" ), photograph by Alice Austen.〕
Astor House contained 309 rooms in five stories, with servant's rooms on the sixth floor, whose mezzanine windows opened in the frieze below the building's cornice. It had gaslights – the gas was produced in the hotel's own plant〔Burrows & Wallace (1999), pp.600-601〕 – and bathing and toilet facilities on each floor, with the water pumped up by steam engines.〔 Its tree-shaded central courtyard was covered over in 1852 by an elliptical vaulted cast-iron and glass "rotunda" designed by James Bogardus,〔Gayle, Margot and Gayle, Carol, ''Cast-iron architecture in America'' p. 117f, 1901 photograph of the "rotunda", p. 118.〕 that under the direction of its proprietor "Col." Charles A. Stetson (1837–1877) was the city's most stylish luncheon place for gentlemen. It featured a curving bar, and side dining rooms entered from Vesey Street or Barclay Street. Guests could order from 30 meat and fish dishes offered daily.〔 Although by the 1850s some restaurants allowed men and women to dine together, and others had special ladies' dining room with separate entrances ro reserved drawing rooms, the Astor House would not admit unaccompanied women to enter, a policy which prevented prostitutes from nearby brothels from plying their trade in the hotel.〔Burrows & Wallace (1999), p.814〕
Guests to the hotel could take a horsecar directly there from the Madison Square Depot of the New York and Harlem Railroad.〔Burrows & Wallace (1999), p.656〕
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